Ultrasound‐Guided Fasciotomy for Anterior Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome of the Leg

Chronic exertional compartment syndrome is characterized by exertional pain and elevated intracompartmental pressures affecting the leg in physically active young people. In patients who have failed conservative measures, fasciotomy is the treatment of choice. This study presents a new method for performing fasciotomy using high‐resolution ultrasound (US) guidance and reports on the clinical outcomes in a group of these patients. Over a 3‐year period, 7 consecutive patients with a total of 9 involved legs presented clinically with anterior compartment chronic exertional compartment syndrome, which was confirmed by intracompartmental pressure measurements before and after exercise. After a US examination, fasciotomy under US guidance was performed. Preoperative and postoperative pain and activity levels were assessed as well as number of days needed to “return to play.” All patients had a decrease in pain, and all except 1 returned to presymptomatic exercise levels with a median return to play of 35 days.     

Role of carbon dioxide angiography in management of below knee arterial lesions

Introduction

Many practitioners express concern about the adequacy of imaging using CO₂ in the lower extremities, particularly in the distribution of the popliteal artery and below (5). Published results have varied considerably with respect to the validity of imaging this anatomy.

Objectives

Review our experience with CO₂ angiography using CO₂ angioset in evaluation and intervention of below knee arteries.

Patients and methods

Forty patients with lower limb ischemia were divided into two groups. The 1st group has normal kidney function, subjected to angiography with CO₂ and water soluble contrast media (WSCM) as the reference standard (control). The 2nd group has subjected only to CO₂ angiography due to one or more risk factors related to WSCM. CO₂ angioset is a dedicated CO₂ injection system used in all patients. In the 1st group; imaging findings on CO₂ and WSCM angiography were compared while in the 2nd group; findings were compared with the post procedure clinical and color Doppler findings.

Results

All arterial lesions detected on CO₂ angiography were comparable to those obtained with WSCM in the control group. In the 2nd group; post procedure clinical and Doppler findings correlated well with angiographic findings and angioplasty results. CO₂ angiography images have lower resolution compared to WSCM however, they were reliable for accurate diagnosis and to guide angioplasty.

Conclusion

CO₂ angiography using CO₂ angioset is considered a reliable alternate to WSCM in assessment of below knee arteries and provides a reliable roadmap to interventional procedures.     

关节镜术在治疗关节外疾病中的应用

目的对关节外体表囊腔肿块采用关节镜手术,并对疗效进行探讨。方法2001年7月～2006年9月,对39例体表囊腔肿块采用关节镜下手术的方法进行治疗,其中髌前滑囊炎21例、髌前滑囊血肿5例、皮下血肿7例、大转子滑囊炎4例、月国窝囊肿2例。治疗效果依据疼痛、肿胀、感染、皮肤麻木、伤口愈合及关节活动度6个方面进行评价。结果全部患者均获得随访,随访时间5～26个月。所有患者局部皮肤都表现有不同程度的凹陷形成,无1例感染,关节活动正常,3例患者局部皮肤有麻木感或僵硬感,4例患者表现有针刺样疼痛感觉。结论关节镜手术治疗关节外体表囊腔肿块,方法简单,瘢痕小,反应轻,恢复快,不仅可取得开放手术同样的效果,而且避免了传统治疗方法的缺点。     

Avoidance of complications after the use of deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps for reconstruction of the breast

We assessed 50 consecutive unilateral deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps for breast reconstruction to find out our morbidity and how to avoid it. We routinely dissected the superficial epigastric vein bilaterally and perforators ipsilaterally. If there were insufficient perforators on the ipsilateral side, we then dissected the contralateral side. We made an additional anastomosis to the superficial epigastric vein in cases of venous congestion after reperfusion that could threaten flap survival. One perforator was used on 31 occasions, and the contralateral side was dissected in 16. A prophylactic anastomosis of superficial epigastric vein was done in 3. No flap was lost completely but 5 partially necrosed. A comparison of the first 25 and the second 25 flaps showed more dissections of the contralateral side and more prophylactic anastomoses of the superficial epigastric vein in the second 25. Partial necrosis was less common in the second 25. We suggest that more liberal dissection of the contralateral side and the prophylactic anastomosis of the superficial epigastric vein to lower morbidity and give better cosmetic results.     

内镜黏膜下剥离术与外科手术治疗表浅食管癌的对比研究

目的：探究内镜黏膜下剥离术（endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD）与传统外科手术治疗表浅食管癌的疗效并比较其有效性及安全性,为表浅食管癌的治疗提供借鉴和指导。方法：回顾性分析2013月1月—2018年12月于南京医科大学第一附属医院就诊的表浅食管癌患者共920例,其中ESD组和外科手术组各460例,收集、分析其临床资料并密切随访。结果：ESD组平均手术时间［（74.05±1.84）min］、住院天数［（8.13±0.20）d］和术后并发症总发生率（9.6%）均明显低于外科手术组［（240.90±6.88）min、（18.96±0.42）d、29.6%］,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组均有较高的完全及治愈性切除率,组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。ESD组中满足ESD手术绝对或相对适应证的患者较外科手术组具有更低的术后并发症发生率（P＜0.05）,其中符合绝对适应证的ESD组患者术后并发症发生率更低。多因素分析结果表明,淋巴结转移及非治愈性切除是诱发表浅食管癌患者死亡的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论：ESD治疗表浅食管癌的临床效果与传统外科手术相当,术后并发症更少,生存率更高,可以作为满足ESD适应证的表浅食管癌的首选治疗方法。